Meditación budista – El camino hacia la liberación

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El camino hacia la liberación

Los budistas persiguen la como parte del camino hacia la liberación de las impurezas (kleshas) y del apego y el deseo (upādāna), también denominado despertar, que resulta en la consecución del Nirvana. Este camino incluye una variedad de técnicas de meditación, tales como:

  • asubha («reflexiones sobre la repulsividad»)
  • reflexión sobre pratityasamutpada (origen dependiente)
  • sati () y (recolecciones), incluyendo (meditación en la respiración)
  • dhyana (desarrollo de una mente alerta y luminosa)
  • los Brahma-viharas (bondad amorosa y compasión)

Estas técnicas tienen como objetivo desarrollar la ecuanimidad y sati (atención plena), (concentración), (tranquilidad) y vipassanā (insight o visión penetrante).

Estas técnicas de meditación son precedidas y combinadas con prácticas que facilitan este desarrollo, tales como la restricción moral y el esfuerzo correcto para cultivar estados mentales saludables.

La diversidad de técnicas

Si bien estas técnicas son utilizadas en diversas escuelas budistas, también existe una notable diversidad.

En la tradición Theravada, que refleja los desarrollos del budismo temprano, las técnicas de meditación se clasifican como samatha (calmando la mente) y vipassana (obteniendo insight).

El budismo chino y japonés ha preservado una amplia gama de técnicas de meditación, que se remontan al budismo temprano, siendo la más notable la del Sarvastivada.

En el budismo tibetano, el yoga de deidades incluye visualizaciones, que preceden la realización de sunyata («vacío»).

Personas, conceptos y enseñanzas

Esta es una lista de personas, conceptos y enseñanzas relacionadas con la práctica de la meditación en el contexto del budismo.

Mandala

Un es un símbolo espiritual y ritual en el hinduismo y el budismo, que representa el universo. En el uso común, «mandala» se ha convertido en un término genérico para cualquier diagrama, gráfico o patrón geométrico que representa el cosmos metafísicamente o simbólicamente; un microcosmos del universo.

Atención plena

La atención plena es el proceso psicológico de llevar la atención a las experiencias que ocurren en el momento presente, lo cual se puede desarrollar a través de la práctica de la meditación y otros entrenamientos. La atención plena deriva de sati, un elemento significativo de las tradiciones budistas, y se basa en técnicas de meditación Zen, Vipassanā y tibetana.

Samadhi

Samādhi, también llamado samāpatti, en el budismo, hinduismo, jainismo, sijismo y escuelas yóguicas se refiere a un estado de conciencia meditativa. En las tradiciones yóguicas, y en la tradición comentarial budista en la que se basa el movimiento Vipassana birmano y la tradición del Bosque Tailandés, es una absorción meditativa o trance, alcanzado mediante la práctica de dhyāna. En los suttas budistas más antiguos, en los que se basan varios maestros contemporáneos del Theravada occidental, se refiere al desarrollo de una mente luminosa que es ecuánime y consciente.

Lamdre

Lamdré es un sistema meditativo en el budismo tibetano basado en la visión de que el resultado de su práctica está contenido dentro del camino. El nombre «lamdré» significa el «camino» con su fruto Wylie: ‘bras). En Tíbet, las enseñanzas lamdré son consideradas el summum bonum de la escuela Sakya.

Noble Eightfold Path en español es: Noble Óctuple Sendero.

El Noble Óctuple Sendero es un resumen temprano del camino de las prácticas budistas que conducen a la liberación del samsara, el doloroso ciclo de renacimiento, en forma de nirvana.

Yogachara

es una tradición influyente de la filosofía y psicología budista que enfatiza el estudio de la cognición, la percepción y la conciencia a través de la lente interior de las prácticas meditativas y yóguicas. También se le denomina de diversas maneras Vijñānavāda, Vijñaptivāda o Vijñaptimātratā-vāda, que es también el nombre dado a su principal teoría epistémica. Hay varias interpretaciones de esta teoría principal; algunos académicos la ven como una especie de idealismo, mientras que otros argumentan que está más cerca de una especie de fenomenología o representacionalismo.

El Yoga del Sueño o Milam —el Yoga del Estado de Sueño— es un conjunto de sadhanas tántricas avanzadas de las linajes entrelazados de Mantrayana del Dzogchen. El Yoga del Sueño son procesos y técnicas tántricas dentro de los Bardos de trance del Sueño y el Sueño de los Seis Yogas de Naropa. En la tradición del tantra, el método del Yoga del Sueño generalmente se transmite por un maestro calificado a sus estudiantes después de la iniciación necesaria. Varios lamas tibetanos son unánimes en que se trata más de una transmisión de una experiencia iluminada que de cualquier información textual.

Padmasana o posición de loto es una asana sentada con las piernas cruzadas que se origina en las prácticas meditativas de la antigua India, en la que cada pie se coloca sobre el muslo opuesto. Es una asana antigua, anterior al hatha yoga, y se utiliza comúnmente para la meditación en las tradiciones contemplativas del Yoga, Hinduismo, Tantra, Jainismo y Budismo.

Seis Dharmas de Naropa

Los Seis de Nāropa, también llamados los Seis Yogas de Nāropa, son un conjunto de prácticas tántricas budistas tibetanas avanzadas y una sādhanā de meditación compiladas en la época del monje y místico indio Nāropa y transmitidas a su estudiante Marpa Lotsawa. Los seis dharmas estaban destinados en parte a ayudar en la consecución de la Budeidad de manera acelerada.

Sukhasana

, la postura fácil, es una asana simple de sentado con las piernas cruzadas en el hatha yoga, a veces utilizada para la meditación tanto en el budismo como en el hinduismo.

Satipatthana

Satipaṭṭhāna es el establecimiento o la activación de la atención plena, como parte de las prácticas budistas que conducen al desapego y la liberación.

Samatha

Samatha (Pāli) o śamatha es una cualidad de la mente que se desarrolla en conjunto con vipassana (insight) al calmar la mente y sus ‘formaciones’. Esto se logra practicando la meditación de un solo punto, comúnmente a través de la atención plena a la respiración. Samatha es común en muchas tradiciones budistas.

Vipassaná

Vipassana en la tradición budista significa visión profunda de la verdadera naturaleza de la realidad. En la tradición Theravada, esto se refiere específicamente a la visión profunda de las tres marcas de la existencia.

Bālāsana, la postura del niño o postura de descanso del niño, es una asana en posición de rodillas en el yoga moderno como ejercicio. Balasana es una asana contrapuesta para varias asanas y generalmente se practica antes y después de Sirsasana.

Bhavana

Bhāvanā significa literalmente «desarrollo» o «cultivo» o «producción» en el sentido de «hacer existir». Es un concepto importante en la práctica budista (Patipatti). La palabra bhavana normalmente aparece en conjunción con otra palabra formando una frase compuesta como citta-bhavana o metta-bhavana. Cuando se usa por sí sola, bhavana significa contemplación y ‘cultivo espiritual’ en general.

Bardo yoga

deals with navigating the bardo state in between death and rebirth.

It is one of the Six Dharmas of Naropa, a set of advanced Tibetan Buddhist tantric practices compiled by the Indian mahasiddhas Tilopa and Nāropa and passed on to the Tibetan translator-yogi Marpa Lotsawa.

Postura de la cara de vaca

Gomukhasana o la es una asana sentada en el hatha yoga y el yoga moderno como ejercicio, a veces utilizada para la meditación.

Anapanasati

Ānāpānasati, meaning «mindfulness of breathing», is a form of Buddhist meditation originally taught by Gautama Buddha in several suttas including the Ānāpānasati Sutta.

La meditación caminando, también conocida como kinhin, es la meditación en movimiento que se practica entre largos períodos de meditación sentada conocida como . La práctica es común en el budismo Zen, Chan, y Thiền vietnamita.

Nianfo

es un término comúnmente visto en el budismo de Tierra Pura. En el contexto de la práctica de Tierra Pura, generalmente se refiere a la repetición del nombre de Amitābha. Es una traducción del sánscrito .

Dhyana in Buddhism

In the oldest texts of Buddhism, dhyāna (Sanskrit) or jhāna (Pali) is the training of the mind, commonly translated as meditation, to withdraw the mind from the automatic responses to sense-impressions, and leading to a «state of perfect equanimity and awareness (upekkhā-sati-parisuddhi).» Dhyana may have been the core practice of pre-sectarian Buddhism, in combination with several related practices which together lead to perfected mindfulness and detachment, and are fully realized with the practice of dhyana.

Campana de pie

Una o campana reposante es una campana invertida, sostenida desde abajo con el borde hacia arriba. Estas campanas son normalmente en forma de cuenco y existen en una amplia gama de tamaños, desde unos pocos centímetros hasta un metro de diámetro. A menudo se tocan golpeándolas, pero algunas—conocidas como cuencos cantores—también pueden tocarse girando un mazo alrededor del borde exterior para producir una nota musical sostenida.

En la tradición budista, los cinco obstáculos se identifican como factores mentales que dificultan el progreso en la meditación y en nuestras vidas diarias. En la tradición Theravada, estos factores se identifican específicamente como obstáculos para los jhānas dentro de la práctica de meditación. Dentro de la tradición Mahayana, los cinco obstáculos se identifican como obstáculos para la meditación samatha (tranquilidad). Los maestros contemporáneos de Meditación de Insight identifican los cinco obstáculos como obstáculos para la meditación de atención plena.

Sampajañña is a term of central importance for meditative practice in all Buddhist traditions. It refers to “The mental process by which one continuously monitors one’s own body and mind. In the practice of śamatha, its principal function is to note the occurrence of laxity and excitation.” It is very often found in the pair ‘mindfulness and introspection’ or ‘mindfulness and clear comprehension).

Sati (Buddhism)

Sati is mindfulness or awareness, a spiritual or psychological faculty (indriya) that forms an essential part of Buddhist practice. It is the first factor of the Seven Factors of Enlightenment. «Correct» or «right» mindfulness is the seventh element of the Noble Eightfold Path.

Southern Esoteric Buddhism

and Borān are terms used to refer to certain esoteric practices, views and texts within Theravada Buddhism. It is sometimes referred to as Tantric Theravada due to its parallel with tantric traditions ; or as Traditional Theravada Meditation.

Sādhanā

Sādhana, literally «a means of accomplishing something», is a generic term coming from the yogic tradition and it refers to any spiritual exercise that is aimed at progressing the sādhaka towards the very ultimate expression of his or her life in this reality. It includes a variety of disciplines in Hindu, Buddhist, Jain and Sikh traditions that are followed in order to achieve various spiritual or ritual objectives.

Prison Mindfulness Institute

The is a non-profit organization founded in 1989 with the mission of supporting prisoners and prison volunteers in transformation through meditation and contemplative spirituality in prisons. The organization provides books and resources through their «Books Behind Bars» program, publishes books on prison dharma through their Prison Dharma Press, organizes a pen pal program between prisoners and meditation volunteers, and offers an apprenticeship program for prison volunteers called «Path of Freedom». The organization supports prisoners in the study and practice of contemplative traditions as well as mindfulness awareness practices. It is an affiliate of the Buddhist Peace Fellowship as well as the Peacemaker Community USA.

Seongcheol

is the dharma name of a Korean Seon (Zen) Master. He was a key figure in modern Korean Buddhism, being responsible for significant changes to it from the 1950s to 1990s.

Tenzo

is a title given to the chef at a Buddhist monastery. The word tenzo is Japanese for «seat of ceremony», similar to the english term «master of ceremonies.»

Vedanā

Vedanā is a Buddhist term traditionally translated as either «feeling» or «sensation.» In general, vedanā refers to the pleasant, unpleasant and neutral sensations that occur when our internal sense organs come into contact with external sense objects and the associated consciousness. Vedanā is identified as valence or «hedonic tone» in neurology.

Siddhasana

o Pose Accomplished, es una antigua asana sentada en hatha yoga y yoga moderno como ejercicio adecuado para la meditación. Cuando es realizada por mujeres, también se le llama Siddha Yoni Asana. El nombre Muktasana a veces se le da a la misma pose, a veces a una variante más fácil.

Passaddhi

is a Pali noun that has been translated as «calmness,» «tranquillity,» «repose» and «serenity.» The associated verb is passambhati.

Virasana

o Pose del Héroe es una asana de rodillas en el yoga moderno como ejercicio. Los textos medievales de hatha yoga describen una asana de meditación con las piernas cruzadas bajo el mismo nombre.

Anussati

Anussati means «recollection,» «contemplation,» «remembrance,» «meditation», and «mindfulness». It refers to specific Buddhist meditational or devotional practices, such as recollecting the sublime qualities of the Buddha, which lead to mental tranquillity and abiding joy. In various contexts, the Pali literature and Sanskrit Mahayana sutras emphasise and identify different enumerations of recollections.

Nibbāna: The Mind Stilled is the translation of a series of 33 sermons delivered in Sinhala by Venerable Bhikkhu Katukurunde Ñāṇananda during the late 1980s & early 1990s. The main focus of the sermons was on the psychological import of the term nibbāna and the deeper philosophical implications underlying this much-vexed term. The first volume of the 7-volume series was published in 2003.

Visuddhimagga

The , is the ‘great treatise’ on Buddhist practice and Theravāda Abhidhamma written by Buddhaghosa approximately in the 5th Century in Sri Lanka. It is a manual condensing and systematizing the 5th century understanding and interpretation of the Buddhist path as maintained by the elders of the Mahavihara Monastery in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka.

Seon coreano

El Seon o Sŏn es el nombre coreano del Budismo Chan, una rama del Budismo Mahāyāna comúnmente conocida en inglés como Budismo Zen. Seon es la pronunciación sino-coreana de Chan, una abreviatura de 禪那 (chánnà), que es una transliteración china de la palabra sánscrita dhyāna («meditación»). El Budismo Seon, representado principalmente por las órdenes Jogye y Taego, es el tipo de Budismo más común que se encuentra en Corea.

Zazen

Zazen es una disciplina meditativa que suele ser la práctica principal de la tradición budista zen. El significado y el método precisos de zazen varían de una escuela a otra, pero en general se puede considerar como un medio para obtener una visión de la naturaleza de la existencia. En la escuela Rinzai japonesa, zazen se asocia generalmente con el estudio de koans. La escuela Sōtō de Japón, por otro lado, rara vez incorpora koans en zazen, prefiriendo un enfoque en el que la mente no tiene objeto alguno, conocido como .

Kuji-in

The also known as Nine Hand Seals refers to a system of mudras and associated mantras that consist of nine syllables. The mantras are referred to as kuji (九字), which literally translates as nine characters The syllables used in kuji are numerous, especially within Japanese esoteric Mikkyō.

Chuang Yen Monastery

is a Buddhist temple situated on 225 acres (91 ha) in Kent, Putnam County, New York, in the United States. The temple is home to the largest indoor statue of a Buddha (Vairocana) in the Western Hemisphere. The name «Chuang Yen» means «Majestically Adorned».

Maitrī

Maitrī significa benevolencia, amor bondadoso, amabilidad, amistad, buena voluntad e interés activo en los demás. Es el primero de los cuatro estados sublimes () y uno de los diez pāramīs de la escuela Theravāda del budismo.

Mental noting

is a mindfulness meditation technique which aims to label experiences as they arise. In practice, this means using a single word to describe what one is experiencing in the current moment, for example «warmth», «excitement», «resisting», etc. These experiences can be sensory, emotional, or cognitive.

Four Foundations of Mindfulness

Satipaṭṭhāna is the establishment or arousing of mindfulness, as part of the Buddhist practices leading to detachment and liberation.

Ganana

Gaṇanā is the technique of breath counting in Buddhist meditation. It focuses on drawing mental attention to breathing by counting numerically inhalation and exhalation. It is part of the six stages of anapanasati described by Vasubandhu and Zhiyi, composed by counting breath (), following the motions of the air flow (anugama), stilling thought in the body, observing the elements of air (upalakshana), transformation of the mind focused on the air (vivarthana) and entering the path of vision (parisuddhi). Those stages are increasingly subtle and lead to control of mind, producing samadhi in order to achieve vipassana.

Insight dialogue

is an interpersonal meditation practice that brings together meditative awareness, the wisdom teachings of the Buddha, and dialogue to support insight into the nature, causes, and release of human suffering. Six meditation instructions, or guidelines, form the core of the practice.

Luangphor Viriyang Sirintharo

Somdet Phra Ñāṇavajirottama, also known as Luang Phor Viriyang Sirindharo, was a Thai monk, Meditation Master and Patriarch of the Dhammayuttika Nikaya Order in Canada. He was born in Saraburi, Thailand.

Buddhānusmṛti

Buddhānusmṛti, meaning «Buddha-mindfulness», is a common Buddhist practice in all Buddhist traditions which involves meditating on the virtues of the Buddha, mainly Gautama Buddha as the meditation or contemplation subject. Later Mahayana sects like Pureland Buddhism focused on Amida Buddha instead, mainly to pray for rebirth in the Western Pure Land.

Chekawa Yeshe Dorje

Geshe Chekhawa (1102–1176) fue un prolífico maestro de meditación budista Kadampa que fue el autor del célebre texto raíz Entrenando la Mente en Siete Puntos, que es una explicación de las instrucciones del Buda sobre el entrenamiento de la mente o Lojong en tibetano. Estas enseñanzas revelan cómo los sinceros practicantes budistas pueden transformar las condiciones adversas en el camino hacia la iluminación, principalmente, desarrollando su propia compasión. Antes del texto raíz de Chekhawa Yeshe Dorje, este conjunto especial de enseñanzas dadas por el Buda eran enseñanzas secretas que solo se otorgaban a discípulos fieles.

Spirit Rock Meditation Center

, commonly called Spirit Rock, is a meditation center in Woodacre, California. It focuses on the teachings of the Buddha as presented in the vipassana, or Insight Meditation, tradition. It was founded in 1985 as Insight Meditation West, and is visited by an estimated 40,000 people a year. The San Francisco Chronicle has called it one of «the Bay Area’s best-known centers for Buddhist meditation.»

Stopping thought

is a term in Zen referring to the achievement of the mental state of samādhi, where the normal mental chatter slows and then stops for brief or longer periods, allowing the practitioner to experience the peace of liberation. This is normally first done during zazen meditation, but should ideally be mastered, so that it can be done regularly.

Dhamma Joti

is one of the first Vipassana meditation centres in Myanmar, founded by S.N Goenka in the tradition of Sayargyi U Ba Kin in accordance with the teaching of Ledi Sayadaw. The centre is situated on an area about 12 acres contributed by the venerable Bhaddanta Sobhita of Wingabar Yele Monastery. It has been conducting Vipassana meditation courses since October 1993. The courses include 10 days for new students, and 3 days, 7 days and Sunday group sitting for old students.

Tatramajjhattatā

Tatramajjhattatā (Pali) is a Buddhist term that is translated as «equanimity», «neutrality of mind», etc. In the Theravada tradition, it is defined as a mental attitude of balance, detachment, and impartiality.

Mudutā

Madutā (Pali) is a Buddhist term translated as «malleability», and it is the basis for the following pair of mental factors within the Theravada Abhidharma teachings:Kāyamadutā – malleability of mental body Cittamadutā – malleability of consciousness

Threefold Training

The Buddha identified the as training in:higher virtue higher mind higher wisdom

Trataka is a yogic purification and a tantric method of meditation that involves staring at a single point such as a small object, black dot or candle flame. It is said to bring energy to the «third eye» and promote various psychic abilities.

Ekaggata

Ekaggatā is a Pali Buddhist term, defined as tranquillity of mind; onepointedness. (Source): BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

Ujukatā

Ujukatā (Pali) is a Buddhist term translated as «rectitude», and it is the basis for the following pair of mental factors within the Theravada Abhidharma teachings:Kāya-ujukatā – rectitude of mental body Citta-ujukatā – rectitude of consciousness

Buddhist Retreat Centre

The is an inclusive resort and meditation centre located near Ixopo, in Kwazulu-Natal Province, South Africa. Since opening in 1980, the BRC has provided a tranquil space amid 300 acres of rolling hills and supported the development of the Buddhist community throughout the country. The BRC hosts regular retreats and welcomes independent visitors who want to visits its facilities, without promoting one form of Buddhism over others. The BRC has received recognition for the quality of its vegetarian cuisine, which it has recorded through four popular cookbooks.

Buddhadharma: The Practitioner’s Quarterly

Buddhadharma: The Practitioner’s Quarterly is a small magazine presenting articles on Buddhist teachings and practice, with contributions from all Buddhist meditative traditions.

Vitakkasanthana Sutta

The is a discourse contained within the Pali Canon of Theravada Buddhism.

Buddha For You

is an antique Buddhist statuary store and gift shop in San Diego, California. The store offers a collection of existing and custom Buddhist statuary items and has been operating free meditation classes since 2009. The gift shop is best known for its role in the development of the first Buddhist college fraternity in the United States, Delta Beta Tau, at San Diego State University (SDSU).

Brahmavihara

The brahmavihārās are a series of four Buddhist virtues and the meditation practices made to cultivate them. They are also known as the four immeasurables. The Brahma-viharas are:loving-kindness or benevolence (metta) compassion (karuna) empathetic joy (mudita) equanimity (upekkha)

Yogāvacara’s manual

The Yogāvacara’s manual is a Theravada Buddhist meditation manual with unique and unorthodox features such as the use of mental images of the elements, the mantra «A-RA-HAN», and the use of a candle for meditation. It has been loosely dated from the 16th to the 17th century.

Dhammakaya meditation

is a method of Buddhist meditation developed and taught by the Thai meditation teacher Luang Pu Sodh Candasaro (1885–1959). In Thailand, it is known as vijjā dhammakāya, which translates as ‘knowledge of the dhamma-body’. The Dhammakaya meditation method is popular in Thailand and some parts of Southeast Asia, and has been described as a revival of samatha (tranquility) meditation in Thailand.

Sesshin

A is a period of intensive meditation (zazen) in a Zen monastery.

Shōichi-kokushi Hōgo (聖一国師法語) is Japanese Buddhist work.

Luang Por Dhammajayo

, also known by the lay name Chaiyabun Suddhipol, is a Thai Buddhist monk. He was the abbot of the Buddhist temple Wat Phra Dhammakaya, the post he held until 1999 and again from 2006 to December 2011. In December 2016, he was given the post of honorary abbot of the temple. He is a student of the nun (maechi) Chandra Khonnokyoong, and is the most well-known teacher of Dhammakaya meditation. He has been subject to criticism and government response. However, he continues to be a spiritual leader that has significant influence in Thai society. Luang Por Dhammajayo’s approach to Buddhism seeks to combine the ascetic and meditative life with modern personal ethics and social prosperity.

Mahasati meditation

Also known as Dynamic Meditation, is a form of mindfulness meditation. It is a technique developed by Thai Buddhist reformist Luangpor Teean Cittasubho. Mahasati Meditation uses movement of the body to generate self-awareness and is a powerful tool for self-realization. Practiced throughout Asia and in the United States, this method of meditation is appropriate for anyone regardless of religion or nationality.

Nissarana Vanaya Meditation System

The was developed by Matara Sri Ñāṇārāma Mahathera, a highly respected senior meditation master of Sri Lanka and the first Upajjhaya of Sri Kalyani Yogasrama Samstha. This Buddhist meditation system uses samatha and vipassanā techniques in combination to allow what it claims are more intense insight results than ‘dry insight’ meditation. It was refined over decades by the head monks of the .

Luangpor Thong

Commonly referred to as , Luangpor Thong Abhakaro is a Buddhist monk and teacher of Mahasati Meditation —a meditation method developed by his teacher, Luangpor Teean Jittasubho. The title Luangpor is used in Thailand to express respect for senior Buddhist monks and it means ‘venerable father’.

Other-centred therapy

is a particular approach used in psychotherapy and other therapeutic fields which is grounded in Buddhist psychology principles. the approach addresses the relationship between the self and the world through an investigation of perception; its conditioned nature and the possibility for change.

Pāguññatā

Pāguññatā (Pali) is a Buddhist term translated as «proficiency», and it is the basis for the following pair of mental factors within the Theravada Abhidharma teachings:Kāya-pāguññatā – proficiency of mental body Citta-pāguññatā – proficiency of consciousness

Patikulamanasikara

Paṭikkūlamanasikāra is a Pāli term that is generally translated as «reflections on repulsiveness». It refers to a traditional Buddhist meditation whereby thirty-one parts of the body are contemplated in a variety of ways. In addition to developing sati (mindfulness) and samādhi (concentration), this form of meditation is considered conducive to overcoming desire and lust. Along with cemetery contemplations, this type of meditation is one of the two meditations on «the foul»/unattractiveness.

Luang Pho Waen Suciṇṇo (Thai: หลวงปู่แหวน สุจิณโณ, RTGS: Luang Pu Waen Su-Chin-No, also Phra Ajahn Waen Sujinno and Luang Pho Waen meaning Venerable Grandfather was a Buddhist monk in Thailand, and part of the Thai Forest Tradition.

Lahutā

Lahutā (Pali) is a Buddhist term translated as «lightness», and it is the basis for the following pair of mental factors within the Theravada Abhidharma teachings:Kāyalahutā – lightness of mental body Cittalahutā – lightness of consciousness

Shikantaza

Shikantaza (只管打坐) is a Japanese translation of a Chinese term for zazen introduced by Rujing, a monk of the Caodong school of Zen Buddhism, to refer to a practice called «Silent Illumination», or «Serene Reflection», by previous Caodong masters. In Japan, it is associated with the Soto school. Unlike many other forms of meditation, shikantaza does not require focused attention on a specific object ; instead, practitioners «just sit» in a state of conscious awareness.

Kannon Do Zen Meditation Center

provides Sōtō Zen practice in the San Francisco Peninsula and the South Bay. Named after Kannon, the Buddhist personification of compassion, the center provides a supportive environment in which Americans can experience traditional Zen teaching.

Kammaṭṭhāna

In Buddhism, kammaṭṭhāna is a Pali word which literally means the place of work. Its original meaning was someone’s occupation. It has several distinct but related usages, all having to do with Buddhist meditation.

Kammaññatā

Kammaññatā (Pali) is a Buddhist term translated as «wieldiness», and it is the basis for the following pair of mental factors within the Theravada Abhidharma teachings:Kāya-kammaññatā – wieldiness of mental body Citta-kammaññatā – wieldiness of consciousness

John Earl Coleman

was a teacher of vipassana (insight) meditation, a kind of meditation of Theravada Buddhism. He was born in Tresckow, a mining town in Pennsylvania. After attending his studies, he entered the US Army in the 1950s and served in Korea during the war. Afterwards he joined the newly formed Central Intelligence Agency, and was stationed in Thailand in the late 1950s and early 1960s. He worked officially for the Southeast Asia (SEA) Supply Corporation, advisers to the government of Thailand, as a specialist in criminology.

Jeonghyegyeolsa

was a Buddhism movement. It was dedicated to the pursuing of Samadhi. It was moved by Jinul who established a new tradition of the Korean Buddhism.

Jakugo

, or agyo (下語) of a kōan is a proof of solution of the case riddle, but not the solution itself. In Zen Buddhism, kōan is used both as a meditation device and as an expression of Enlightenment – a radical experiential insight into the nature of things and the self alike. A capping phrase is supposedly an articulation of such enlightening experience, most of the time in verse. According to Victor Sōgen Hori the use of jakugo dates to the Song dynasty and was developed from classical Chinese «literary games».

Shambhala Training

is a secular approach to meditation developed by Tibetan Buddhist teacher Chogyam Trungpa and his students. It is based on what Trungpa calls Shambhala Vision, which sees enlightened society as not purely mythical, but as realizable by people of all faiths through practices of mindfulness/awareness, non-aggression, and sacred outlook. He writes:

Nissarana Vanaya

Nissarana Vanaya is a renowned meditation monastery in Sri Lanka. It is located in Mitirigala in the Western province close to the town of Kirindiwela.

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