Last updated: 28
Jul
2025

Traductores budistas – del corpus canónico a la espiritualidad progresiva

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No hay consenso entre las diferentes tradiciones budistas sobre lo que constituye las escrituras o un canon común en el budismo.

La extensión del corpus canónico

La creencia general entre los budistas es que el corpus canónico es vasto.

Este corpus incluye los antiguos Sutras organizados en Nikayas o Agamas, que a su vez forman parte de los tres cestos de textos conocidos como los Tripitakas.

Cada tradición budista posee su propia colección de textos, gran parte de los cuales son traducciones de antiguos textos budistas en Pali y sánscrito de la India.

La traducción del corpus

Si bien un gran número de obras solo sobreviven en traducciones tibetanas y chinas, muchos manuscritos en sánscrito de importantes textos budistas han perdurado y se conservan en numerosas colecciones modernas.

Durante la era Pāla, el budismo Vajrayana floreció y sus textos y erudición se llevaron a cabo principalmente en sánscrito.

Cuando el Vajrayana se expandió a las regiones himalayas de Tíbet, Bután y Sikkim, los manuscritos budistas en sánscrito y los eruditos también ingresaron a estas regiones.

El Tíbet medieval fue un importante centro para el estudio y la traducción de obras budistas en sánscrito, así como para el estudio de las gramáticas sánscritas indias.

Las primeras obras Mahāyāna fueron escritas en algún momento entre el siglo I a.C. y el siglo II d.C.

Gran parte de la evidencia temprana existente sobre los orígenes del Mahāyāna proviene de las primeras traducciones chinas de textos Mahāyāna, principalmente de Lokakṣema.

Desde entonces, el budismo se ha difundido por todo el mundo, y los textos budistas se han traducido cada vez más a los idiomas locales.

El corpus en la Era Moderna

El siglo XX presenció un crecimiento prolífico de nuevas instituciones budistas en países occidentales, incluyendo la Buddhist Society en Londres (1924), Das Buddhistische Haus (1924) y Datsan Gunzechoinei en San Petersburgo.

La publicación y traducción de la budista en lenguas occidentales se aceleró posteriormente.

Mientras que el budismo en Occidente a menudo se ve como exótico y progresista, en Oriente se considera familiar y tradicional.

Traductores budistas prominentes

Esta es una lista de traductores budistas del pasado y del presente de todo el mundo.

Amoghavajra

fue un traductor prolífico que se convirtió en uno de los monjes budistas más poderosos políticamente en la historia china y es reconocido como uno de los Ocho Patriarcas de la Doctrina en el budismo Shingon. Nacido en Samarcanda de un padre comerciante indio o brahmán y una madre de origen sogdiano, llegó a China a los 10 años tras la muerte de su padre. En 719, fue ordenado en la sangha por Vajrabodhi y se convirtió en su discípulo.

D. T. Suzuki

Daisetsu Teitaro Suzuki was a Japanese author of books and essays on Buddhism, Zen (Chan) and Shin that were instrumental in spreading interest in both Zen and Shin to the West. Suzuki was also a prolific translator of Chinese, Japanese, and Sanskrit literature. Suzuki spent several lengthy stretches teaching or lecturing at Western universities, and devoted many years to a professorship at Ōtani University, a Japanese Buddhist school.

Matthieu Ricard

es un escritor, fotógrafo, traductor y monje budista francés que reside en el monasterio Shechen Tennyi Dargyeling en Nepal. Matthieu Ricard utiliza tres tipos de meditación: compasión, conciencia abierta y analítica. Ha pasado un total de 5 años en meditación solitaria, principalmente en una cabaña remota en la montaña. Promueve el veganismo y los derechos de los animales y cofundó Karuna-Shechen en 2000 con Rabjam Rinpoche.

Taigen Dan Leighton

is a Sōtō priest and teacher, academic, and author. He is an authorized lineage holder and Zen teacher in the tradition of Shunryū Suzuki and is the founder and Guiding Teacher of Ancient Dragon Zen Gate in Chicago, Illinois. Leighton is also an authorized teacher in the Japanese Sōtō School (kyōshi).

Keith Dowman

, known affectionately as «golden dorje,» is a revered translator and teacher of Dzogchen, steeped in over five decades of immersion in Buddhist practices. Originally from England, he arrived in Banares, India in 1966 and later settled in Kathmandu, Nepal. Dowman studied under eminent Dzogchen masters like Dudjom Rinpoche and Kanjur Rinpoche, receiving profound teachings and transmissions. His translations, including works by Longchenpa and the hagiographies of Tibetan masters, reflect his deep understanding of Buddhist philosophy and meditation. Based in Tepoztlan, Mexico since 2021, he continues to teach radical Dzogchen worldwide, emphasizing its universal and nonsectarian essence.

Alexander Berzin (scholar)

Alexander Berzin is a scholar, translator, and teacher of Tibetan Buddhism.

Herbert Vighnāntaka Günther was a German Buddhist philosopher and Professor and Head of the Department of Far Eastern Studies at the University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada. He held this position from the time he left India in 1964.

Robert Thurman

Robert Alexander Farrar Thurman es un autor y académico budista estadounidense que ha escrito, editado y traducido varios libros sobre el budismo tibetano. Es el padre de la actriz Uma Thurman. Es el profesor Je Tsongkhapa de Estudios Budistas Indo-Tibetanos en la Universidad de Columbia, ocupando la primera cátedra dotada en este campo de estudio en los Estados Unidos. También es cofundador y presidente de la Casa del Tíbet en Nueva York. Tradujo el Sutra de Vimalakirti del Kanjur tibetano al inglés.

Erik Pema Kunsang

is a Danish translator and was, along with Marcia Binder Schmidt, director of Rangjung Yeshe Translations and Publications in Kathmandu.

He has translated over fifty volumes of Tibetan texts and oral teachings.

His other projects include the Rangjung Yeshe Wiki, an ongoing electronic publication that is compiling an extensive glossary of Buddhist terminology to bridge the Tibetan and English languages.

Shōhaku Okumura is a Japanese Sōtō Zen priest and the founder and abbot of the Sanshin Zen Community located in Bloomington, Indiana, where he and his family currently live. From 1997 until 2010, Okumura also served as Director of the Sōtō Zen Buddhism International Center in San Francisco, California, which is an administrative office of the Sōtō school of Japan.

Xuanzang

, nacido Chen Hui / Chen Yi, también conocido como Hiuen Tsang, fue un monje budista chino del siglo VII, erudito, viajero y traductor. Es conocido por sus contribuciones trascendentales al budismo chino, el relato de su viaje a la India entre 629 y 645 d.C., sus esfuerzos por traer más de 657 textos indios a China y sus traducciones de algunos de estos textos.

Bhikkhu Bodhi

, born Jeffrey Block, is an American Theravada Buddhist monk, ordained in Sri Lanka and currently teaching in the New York and New Jersey area. He was appointed the second president of the Buddhist Publication Society and has edited and authored several publications grounded in the Theravada Buddhist tradition.

Buddhayaśas was a Dharmaguptaka monk and translator. He is recorded as having learned both Theravada and Mahāyāna treatises. He translated the Dharmaguptaka Vinaya, the Dīrgha Āgama, and other Mahāyāna texts including the Ākāśagarbha Bodhisattva Sūtra. Buddhayaśas’ preface for his translation of the Dharmaguptaka Vinaya states that the Dharmaguptakas had assimilated the body of Mahāyāna sutras.

Soma Thera

Kotahene Soma Maha Thera, born as Victor Emmanuel Perera Pulle in Kotahena, Colombo, was a Theravada Buddhist monk, translator and missionary.

Kumārajīva was a Buddhist monk, scholar, missionary, and translator from the Kingdom of Kucha. He first studied teachings of the Sarvastivadin schools, later studied under Buddhasvāmin, and finally became an adherent of Mahayana Buddhism, studying the Mādhyamaka doctrine of Nāgārjuna.

Kenneth K. Tanaka

Kenneth Ken’ichi Tanaka, also known as Kenshin Tanaka or Ken’ichi Tanaka is a scholar, author, translator and ordained Jōdo Shinshū priest. He is author and editor of many articles and books on modern Buddhism.

Arthur Braverman

is an American author and translator, primarily translating from Japanese to English. A Zen Buddhist practitioner, Braverman lived in Japan for seven years and studied at Antai-ji temple in 1969 training under Kosho Uchiyama. In 1978 he returned to the United States and studied classical Japanese at Columbia University. He lives in Ojai, CA with his wife.

Kazuaki Tanahashi

is an accomplished Japanese calligrapher, Zen teacher, author and translator of Buddhist texts from Japanese and Chinese to English, most notably works by Dogen. He first met Shunryu Suzuki in 1964, and upon reading Suzuki’s book Zen Mind, Beginner’s Mind he stated, «I could see it’s Shobogenzo in a very plain, simple language.» He has helped notable Zen teachers author books on Zen Buddhism, such as John Daido Loori. A fellow of the World Academy of Art and Science—Tanahashi is also an environmentalist and peaceworker.

Dennis Hirota

Dr. is a professor in the Department of Shin Buddhism at Ryukoku University in Kyoto, Japan. He was born in Berkeley, California in 1946 and received his B.A. from University of California, Berkeley. In 2008, he was a visiting professor of Buddhism at Harvard Divinity School where his studies focused on the Buddhist monk Shinran.

Thích Nhật Từ

Ven. Thich Nhat Tu or Thích Nhật Từ in Vietnamese is a Vietnamese Buddhist reformer, an author, a poet, a psychological consultant, and an active social activist in Vietnam. He is committed to propagate Buddha’s teachings through education, cultural activities and charitable programs in order to benefit the individuals and the society at large.

Satish Chandra Vidyabhusan

was a Bengali scholar of Sanskrit and Pali Language and principal of Sanskrit College.

Patrick Gaffney (Buddhist)

Patrick John Gaffney is an English author, editor, translator, and teacher of Tibetan Buddhism who studied at the University of Cambridge. He was one of the main directors and teachers of Rigpa—the international network of Buddhist centres and groups founded by Sogyal Rinpoche. As of April 2019, Gaffney has been disqualified by the UK Charity Commission from acting as a trustee in all charities for a period of 8 years.

Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu

Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu is an American Buddhist monk. Belonging to the Thai Forest Tradition, for 10 years he studied under the forest master Ajahn Fuang Jotiko. Since 1993 he has served as abbot of the Metta Forest Monastery in San Diego County, California — the first monastery in the Thai Forest Tradition in the US — which he cofounded with Ajahn Suwat Suvaco.

Shoryu Bradley

Shōryū Bradley is a Sōtō Zen priest and the founder and abbot of Gyobutsuji Zen Monastery located near Kingston, Arkansas.

Taitetsu Unno

was a scholar, lecturer, and author on the subject of Pure Land Buddhism. His work as a translator has been responsible for making many important Buddhist texts available to the English-speaking world and he is considered one of the leading authorities in the United States on Shin Buddhism, a branch of Pure Land Buddhism. Dr. Unno was an ordained Shin Buddhist minister and the founding Sensei of the Northampton Shin Buddhist Sangha.

Robin Kornman

is best known for his work as a Tibetan Buddhist scholar, as well as a founding member of the Nalanda Translation Committee. Up until his death, he had spent many years working on an English translation of the Tibetan (living) epic Gesar of Ling — it is his work on this translation that has gained him the most recognition. A longtime student of Chögyam Trungpa Rinpoche, Kornman had been co-director of Trungpa Rinpoche’s first Shambhala Buddhist retreat center in North America, Karmê Chöling, when first established in 1970.

Sarah Harding (lama)

Sarah Harding is a qualified lama and teacher in the Shangpa Kagyu tradition of Tibetan Buddhism. Since 1972, she has been a student and translator of Kalu Rinpoche (1905-1989).

Richard Barron

is a Canadian-born translator who specializes in the writings of Longchenpa. He has served as an interpreter for many lamas from all four schools of Tibetan Buddhism, including his first teacher, Kalu Rinpoche. He completed a traditional three year retreat at Kagyu Ling in France, and later became a close disciple of the late Chagdud Tulku Rinpoche. He is currently engaged in a long-term project to translate the Seven Treasuries of Longchenpa.

Red Pine (author)

Bill Porter is an American author who translates under the pen-name Red Pine. He is a translator of Chinese texts, primarily Taoist and Buddhist, including poetry and sūtras. In 2018, he won the American Academy of Arts & Letters Thornton Wilder Prize for translation.

Thupten Jinpa

Langri is a Tibetan Buddhist scholar, former monk and an academic of religious studies and both Eastern and Western philosophy. He has been the principal English translator to the Dalai Lama since 1985. He has translated and edited more than ten books by the Dalai Lama including The World of Tibetan Buddhism, A Good Heart: A Buddhist Perspective on the Teachings of Jesus, and the New York Times bestseller Ethics for the New Millennium.

Prajñāvarman within early medieval literature, was an 8th-century Buddhist writer. He lived during the reigns of the Pala king, Gopala I and the Tibetan emperor Trisong Detsen, under whose auspices he came to Tibet. He was a contemporary of Jinamitra.

Thomas Cleary

was an American translator and writer of more than 80 books related to Buddhist, Taoist, Confucian, and Muslim classics, and of The Art of War, a treatise on management, military strategy, and statecraft. He has translated books from Pali, Sanskrit, Arabic, Chinese, Japanese, and Old Irish into English. Cleary lived in Oakland, California.

Acharya Nyima Tsering

was a Tibetan writer and a translator from Tibetan to English.

Michael Saso

Michael R. Saso is a professor emeritus of the Department of Religion at the University of Hawaii at Manoa. He is a scholar of the religious practices of Japan and China, with a particular emphasis on Taoism.

Christian K. Wedemeyer

Christian Konrad Wedemeyer is an American scholar and political and social activist.

B. Alan Wallace

Bruce Alan Wallace is an American author and expert on Tibetan Buddhism. His books discuss Eastern and Western scientific, philosophical, and contemplative modes of inquiry, often focusing on the relationships he sees between science and Buddhism. He is founder of the Santa Barbara Institute for Consciousness Studies.

Bidia Dandaron

was a major Buddhist author and teacher in the USSR. He also worked in academic Tibetology, contributed to the Tibetan-Russian Dictionary (1959) and made several translations from Tibetan into Russian. He is mostly remembered as a Buddhist teacher whose students in Russia, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania continued both religious and scholarly work, and as an early Buddhist author who wrote on European philosophy, history, and science within a Buddhist framework. Among his students were Alexander Piatigorsky and Linnart Mäll.

Brian Cutillo

Brian A. Cutillo (1945–2006) was a scholar and translator in the field of Tibetan Buddhism. He was also an accomplished neuro-cognitive scientist, musician, anthropologist and textile weaver.

Buddhabhadra (translator)

Buddhabhadra was an Indian Buddhist monk, with the title of śramaṇa. He is most known for his prolific translation efforts of Buddhist texts from Sanskrit into Chinese, and was responsible for the first Chinese translation of the Avataṃsaka Sūtra in the 5th century.

Buddhasvamin (monk)

Buddhasvāmin was a Sarvastivadan Buddhist monk and famous scholar from the kingdom of Kucha. During part of the 4th century CE, he presideded over all Buddhist temples and nunneries in Kucha.

Caroline Rhys Davids

Caroline Augusta Foley Rhys Davids (1857–1942) was a British writer and translator. She made a contribution to economics before becoming widely known as an editor, translator, and interpreter of Buddhist texts in the Pāli language. She was honorary secretary of the Pāli Text Society from 1907, and its president from 1923 to 1942.

David Seyfort Ruegg

is an eminent Buddhologist with a long career, extending from the 1950s to the present. His specialty has been Madhyamaka philosophy, a core doctrine of Mahayana Buddhism.

Marianne Winder

Dr was a British specialist in Middle High German and a librarian at the Institute of Germanic Studies at the University of London. She later was associated for more than thirty years with the Wellcome Library of the Wellcome Institute for the History of Medicine where she was successively Assistant Librarian (1963-1970), Curator of Eastern Printed Manuscripts and Books (1970-1978) and finally, after having retired, a Tibetan Medical Consultant (1978-2001).

Degii Sodbaatar

Degii (Delgerjargal) Sodbaatar graduated from Ulaanbaatar University, Mongolia in 2000 with a degree in Korean language and culture. Later she did a one year course on Korean poetics at Kim Il Sung University in Pyongyang, North Korea. She then entered Donguk University of South Korea as a graduate student, to pursue an MA in Buddhist studies.

Dharmarakṣa was an early translator of Mahayana sutras into Chinese, several of which had profound effects on East Asian Buddhism.

He is described in scriptural catalogues as Yuezhi in origin.

Edward Conze

, born Eberhard Julius Dietrich Conze (1904–1979) was a scholar of Marxism and Buddhism, known primarily for his commentaries and translations of the Prajñāpāramitā literature.

Gareth Sparham

is a scholar and translator in the field of Tibetan Buddhism.

Gunabhadra (394–468) was a monk and translator of Mahayana Buddhism from Magadha, Central India. His biography is contained in the work of a Chinese monk called Sengyou entitled Chu sanzang ji ji.

John Blofeld

John Eaton Calthorpe Blofeld was a British writer on Asian thought and religion, especially Taoism and Chinese Buddhism.

John D. Dunne

is the Distinguished Chair in Contemplative Humanities through the Center for Investigating Healthy Minds at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He also holds a co-appointment in the Department of East Asian Languages and Literature. Until January 2016, he was Associate Professor in the Department of Religion and the Graduate Division of Religion at Emory University.

Kazi Dawa Samdup

Lama is now best known as one of the first translators of important works of Tibetan Buddhism into the English language and a pioneer central to the transmission of Buddhism in the West. From 1910 he also played a significant role in relations between British India and Tibet.

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