La familia de Gautama Buda – Linaje de sueños y leyendas

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El Buda nació en una familia noble en Lumbini en el año 563 a.C. según los eventos históricos y en el 624 a.C. de acuerdo con la tradición budista.

En su infancia, fue llamado Siddhartha Gautama. Su padre era el rey Śuddhodana, líder del clan Shakya en lo que era el creciente estado de Kosala, y su madre era la reina Maya.

Las marcas de un gran hombre

Según las leyendas budistas, el bebé exhibía las marcas de un gran hombre. Una profecía indicaba que, si el niño permanecía en casa, estaba destinado a convertirse en un gobernante mundial.

Sin embargo, si el niño abandonaba el hogar, se convertiría en un líder espiritual universal.

Para asegurarse de que el niño fuera un gran rey y gobernante mundial, su padre lo aisló en su palacio y fue criado por la hermana menor de su madre, Mahapajapati Gotami, después de que su madre falleciera apenas siete días después del parto.

Separado del mundo, más tarde se casó con Yaśodharā (Yaśodharā era la hija del rey Suppabuddha y Amita), y juntos tuvieron un hijo: un varón llamado Rāhula.

Tanto Yaśodharā como Rāhula se convirtieron más tarde en discípulos del Buda.

Clan y miembros de la familia de Gautama Buda

Esta es una lista de algunos de los miembros cercanos de la familia de Gautama Buda y otros parientes importantes.

Shakya

Los Shakya eran un clan de la India védica tardía y del posterior llamado segundo período de urbanización en el subcontinente indio.

Rāhula

Rāhula fue el único hijo de Siddhārtha Gautama y de su esposa y princesa Yaśodharā. Se menciona en numerosos textos budistas, desde el período temprano en adelante. Los relatos sobre Rāhula indican un impacto mutuo entre la vida del Príncipe Siddhārtha y las vidas de sus familiares. Según la tradición Pāli, Rāhula nace el día de la renuncia del Príncipe Siddhārtha, y por lo tanto se le llama Rāhula, que significa un grillete en el camino hacia la iluminación. Sin embargo, según la tradición Mūlasarvāstivāda y numerosas otras fuentes posteriores, Rāhula solo es concebido el día de la renuncia del Príncipe Siddhārtha y nace seis años después, cuando el Príncipe Siddhārtha alcanza la iluminación como el Buda. Este largo período de gestación se explica por el mal karma de vidas anteriores tanto de Yaśodharā como de Rāhula mismo, aunque también se dan razones más naturalistas. Como resultado del nacimiento tardío, Yaśodharā necesita demostrar que Rāhula es realmente el hijo del Príncipe Siddhārtha, lo cual finalmente logra exitosamente mediante un acto de verdad. El historiador Wolfgang Schumann ha argumentado que el Príncipe Siddhārtha concibió a Rāhula y esperó su nacimiento para poder dejar el palacio con el permiso del rey y la reina, pero el orientalista Noël Péri consideró más probable que Rāhula naciera después de que el Príncipe Siddhārtha abandonara su palacio.

Mahapajapati Gotami

Mahāpajāpatī Gotamī was the foster-mother, step-mother and maternal aunt of the Buddha. In Buddhist tradition, she was the first woman to seek ordination for women, which she did from Gautama Buddha directly, and she became the first bhikkhuni.

Sundari Nanda (half-sister of Buddha)

Princess Sundarī Nandā of Shakya, also known simply a Sundarī, was the daughter of King Suddhodana and Mahaprajapati.She was the half-sister of Siddhartha Gautama, who later became a Buddha. She became a nun after the enlightenment of her half-brother and became an arhat. She was the foremost among bhikkhunis in the practice of jhana. She lived during the 6th century BCE in what is now Bihar and Uttar Pradesh in India.

Ānanda

Ānanda was the primary attendant of the Buddha and one of his ten principal disciples. Among the Buddha’s many disciples, Ānanda stood out for having the best memory. Most of the texts of the early Buddhist Sutta-Piṭaka are attributed to his recollection of the Buddha’s teachings during the First Buddhist Council. For that reason, he is known as the Treasurer of the Dhamma, with Dhamma referring to the Buddha’s teaching. In Early Buddhist Texts, Ānanda was the first cousin of the Buddha. Although the early texts do not agree on many parts of Ānanda’s early life, they do agree that Ānanda was ordained as a monk and that Puṇṇa Mantāniputta became his teacher. Twenty years in the Buddha’s ministry, Ānanda became the attendant of the Buddha, when the Buddha selected him for this task. Ānanda performed his duties with great devotion and care, and acted as an intermediary between the Buddha and the laypeople, as well as the saṅgha. He accompanied the Buddha for the rest of his life, acting not only as an assistant, but also a secretary and a mouthpiece.

Devadatta

Devadatta era, por tradición, un monje budista, primo y cuñado de Gautama Siddhārtha, el Buda Sākyamuni, y hermano de Yashodhara, esposa del Príncipe Siddhartha. Devadatta era un koliyan y sakyan y se dice que se separó del seguimiento del Buda con 500 otros monjes para formar su propia Sangha, la mayoría de los cuales se dice que eran parientes del clan Shakya tanto de Devadatta como de Siddhartha.

Nanda (half-brother of Buddha)

Prince Nanda Shakya, also known as Sundarananda Shakya, was the younger half-brother of Gautama Buddha. He shared the same father as Buddha, King Śuddhodana, and his mother, Mahapajapati Gotami, was the Buddha’s mother’s younger sister. Nanda also had a own sister named Sundari Nanda.

Yaśodharā

Yaśodharā was the wife of Prince Siddhartha — until he left his home to become a śramaṇa— the mother of Rāhula, and the sister of Devadatta.

She later became a Buddhist Nun and is considered an arahatā. (or Lady Arhat).

Añjana

Añjana was a king of Koliya dynasty of ancient India, a dynasty that was present around the time of Gautama Buddha, according to Buddhist scriptures.

He was the son of the king Devadaha.

Anjana had two sons Suppabuddha and Dandapāni, and two daughters Māyā and Pajāpatī. The daughters later became the wives of Suddhodana.

Maya was the mother of Gautama Buddha.

Anjana had two wives named as Sulakkhanā and Yasodharā and a sister Kaccānā.

Dandapāni

Dandapani was an ancient Indian king from the Koliya dynasty, who ruled a city called Koli.

He was born in Devadaha as a Koliya Prince, as one of the sons of Añjana and Yasodharā.

His brother was Suppabuddha and his sisters Māyā and Pajāpatī.

He was the Buddha’s maternal uncle.

Koliya

The Koliyas were Kshatriya of the Adicca (Iksvaku) clan of the Solar Dynasty from the Indian subcontinent, during the time of Gautama Buddha.

Maya (mother of the Buddha)

Queen Māyā of Sakya was the birth mother of Gautama Buddha, the sage on whose teachings Buddhism was founded. She was sister of Mahāpajāpatī Gotamī, the first Buddhist nun ordained by the Buddha.

Rohini (Buddha’s disciple)

Rohiṇī was a princess of the Śākyas and sister of Anuruddha. She is a Śrotāpanna.

Sihahanu

King Sihahanu (Skt:Sīṃhahanu) was an ancient monarch and paternal grandfather of Gautama Buddha. He was one of the ruler of Shakya Clan.

Śuddhodana

Śuddhodana, meaning «he who grows pure rice,» was a leader of the Shakya, who lived in an oligarchic republic in Lumbini(present day Nepal)with their capital at Kapilavastu. He was also the father of Siddhartha Gautama, who later became The Buddha.

Suppabuddha

Suprabuddha (Sanskrit), or Suppabuddha (Pali) was the maternal uncle and father-in-law of the Buddha according to the Mahavamsa genealogy and the Theravada commentarial tradition. He was also known as Mahāsuppabuddha.